Lebitso la SehlahiswaTlhaloso: Calcium carbide
Sebopeho sa molek'hule:C2Ca
Nomoro ea CAS:75-20-7
Sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa sehlahisoa:
Calcium carbide (formula ea molek'hule: CaC2), ke mofuta oa lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse hlahisoang ke ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale tsa lejoe la mokoetla.Ka 1892, H. Maysan (Sefora) le H. Wilson (United States) ka nako e le 'ngoe ba ile ba hlahisa mokhoa oa ho hlahisa calcium carbide o thehiloeng ho Phokotso ea sebōpi.United States e ne e atlehile ho finyella tlhahiso ea indasteri ka 1895. Thepa ea calcium carbide e amana le bohloeki ba eona.Sehlahisoa sa eona sa indasteri hangata ke motsoako oa calcium carbide le calcium oxide, hape e na le likarolo tse ngata tsa sebabole, phosphorus, nitrogen le litšila tse ling.Ka litaba tse ntseng li eketseha tsa litšila, 'mala o hlahisa bohlooho, bo sootho ho isa botsho.Sebaka se qhibilihang le motlakase oa motlakase li fokotseha ka ho fokotseha ha bohloeki.Bohloeki ba sehlahisoa sa eona sa indasteri hangata ke 80% mme mp e le 1800 ~ 2000 °C.Mocheso oa kamore, ha e sebetsane le moea, empa e ka ba le karabelo ea oxidation ka holimo ho 350 ℃, 'me ea ba le naetrojene ho 600 ~ 700 ℃ ho hlahisa calcium cyanamide.Calcium carbide, ha e tšela metsi kapa mouoane, e hlahisa acetylene mme e lokolla mocheso o mongata.CaC2 + 2H2O─ → C2H2 + Ca (OH) 2 + 125185.32J, 1kg ea calcium carbide e hloekileng e ka hlahisa 366 L ea acetylene 366l (15 ℃, 0.1MPa).Ka hona, bakeng sa polokelo ea eona: calcium carbide e lokela ho bolokoa ka thata hole le metsi.Hangata e kenngoa ka har'a sets'oants'o sa tšepe se tiisitsoeng, 'me ka linako tse ling e bolokoa sebakeng se omeletseng sa polokelo se tlatsitsoeng ka nitrogen ha ho hlokahala.
Calcium carbide (CaC2) e na le monko o kang konofolo 'me e arabela ka metsi ho etsa khase ea acetylene hammoho le calcium hydroxide le mocheso.Nakong e fetileng, e ne e sebelisoa ka mabone a basebetsi ba morafong ho tsoela pele ho hlahisa lelakabe le lenyenyane la acetylene ho fana ka leseli merafong ea mashala.
Calcium carbide e sebelisoa e le desulfurizer, dehydrant ea tšepe, mafura a ho etsa tšepe, deoxidizer e matla le mohloli oa khase ea acetylene.E sebelisoa e le thepa ea ho qala bakeng sa ho lokisa calcium cyanamide, ethylene, rabara ea chloroprene, acetic acid, dicyandiamide le cyanide acetate.E sebelisoa ka mabone a carbide, likanono tsa lintho tsa ho bapala joalo ka likanono tsa big bang le bamboo cannon.E amahanngoa le khalsiamo phosphide 'me e sebelisoa ho phaphamala, ho ithuisa letšoao la metsingCalcium carbide ke carbide e bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa indastering ka lebaka la karolo ea eona ea bohlokoa e le motheo oa indasteri ea acetylene.Libakeng tseo ho nang le khaello ea petroleum, Calcium Carbidee sebelisoa e le thepa ea ho qala tlhahiso ea acetylene (1 kg ea lihlahisoa tsa carbide ~ 300 litres acetylene), eo le eona e ka sebelisoang e le mohaho oa ho haha likhemikhale tse ngata tsa tlhaho (mohlala, vinyl acetate, acetaldehyde le acetic acid. ).Libakeng tse ling, acetylene e boetse e sebelisoa ho hlahisa vinyl chloride, thepa e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea PVC.
Tšebeliso e fokolang ea bohlokoa ea Calcium Carbide e amana le indasteri ea ferilizer.E kopana le naetrojene ho etsa calcium cyanamide, e leng ntho e qalang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea cyanamide (CH2N2).Cyanamide ke sehlahisoa se tloaelehileng sa temo se sebelisetsoang ho hlohlelletsa makhasi a pele.
Calcium Carbide e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le desulfurizing agent bakeng sa ho hlahisa tšepe e tlaase ea sebabole.Hape, e sebelisoa e le ntho e fokotsang ho hlahisa litšepe ho tloha matsoai a tsona, mohlala, bakeng sa phokotso e tobileng ea koporo ea sulfide ho koporo ea tšepe.malakabe.Ho feta moo, e ameha phokotsong ea sulfide ea koporo ho koporo ea tšepe.
Chemwin e ka fana ka mefuta e mengata ea li-hydrocarbon tse ngata le li-solvents tsa lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa bareki ba indasteri.Pele ho moo, ka kopo bala lintlha tse latelang mabapi le ho etsa khoebo le rona:
1. Tshireletso
Tšireletseho ke eona ntho e tlang pele bophelong ba rona.Ntle le ho fa bareki tlhahisoleseling mabapi le ts'ebeliso e sireletsehileng le e baballang tikoloho ea lihlahisoa tsa rona, re boetse re ikemiselitse ho netefatsa hore likotsi tsa polokeho ea basebetsi le borakonteraka li fokotsoa ho ba bonyane bo utloahalang le bo ka khonehang.Ka hona, re hloka hore moreki a etse bonnete ba hore litekanyetso tse nepahetseng tsa ho laolla le ho boloka polokeho li fihlelleha pele ho pepa ha rona (ka kopo sheba sehlomathiso sa HSSE ho latela maemo le maemo a kakaretso a thekiso ka tlase).Litsebi tsa rona tsa HSSE li ka fana ka tataiso mabapi le litekanyetso tsena.
2. Mokhoa oa ho fana
Bareki ba ka odara le ho fana ka lihlahisoa ho tsoa ho chemwin, kapa ba ka fumana lihlahisoa ho tsoa femeng ea rona ea tlhahiso.Mekhoa e teng ea lipalangoang e kenyelletsa lipalangoang tsa literaka, terene kapa mefuta e mengata (maemo a arohaneng a sebetsa).
Tabeng ea litlhoko tsa bareki, re ka hlakisa litlhoko tsa likepe kapa litanka mme ra sebelisa litekanyetso tse khethehileng tsa polokeho / tlhahlobo le litlhoko.
3. Palo e fokolang ea taelo
Haeba u reka lihlahisoa sebakeng sa rona sa marang-rang, palo e tlase ea odara ke lithane tse 30.
4.Tefo
Mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho lefa ke ho fokotsa ka kotloloho matsatsing a 30 ho tsoa ho invoice.
5. Litokomane tsa thomello
Litokomane tse latelang li fanoe ka thomello ka 'ngoe:
· Bill of Lading, CMR Waybill kapa tokomane e 'ngoe e amehang ea lipalangoang
· Setifikeiti sa Tlhahlobo kapa Tumellano (haeba ho hlokahala)
· Litokomane tse amanang le HSSE tumellanong le melaoana
· Litokomane tsa meetlo ho latela melaoana (haeba ho hlokahala)
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