Lebitso la Sehlahiswa:Oxalic acid
Sebopeho sa molek'hule:C2H2O4
Nomoro ea CAS:144-62-7
Sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa sehlahisoa:
Oxalic acid e ajoa haholo semela ka tlhaho, boholo bo teng ka mokhoa oa letsoai la oxalic acid.CW Scheele e ile ea qala ho etsa oxalate ka 1776.
Oxalate ke acid e matla ka ho fetisisa har'a dicarboxylic acid.Ntle le ho ba le litšobotsi tse akaretsang tsa asiti ea carboxylic, e boetse e na le thepa e fokotsang 'me e ka fokotsa ka bongata manganese e supileng ea valence ho ea ho bivalent manganese.Hangata thepa ena e sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea bongata ba potassium permanganate.
5 C2H2O4 + 2 KMnO4 + 3 H2SO4 →K2SO4 + 2 MNSO4 + 8H2O + 10 CO2;
Oxalic acid e ka boela ea fokotsa tšepe ea trivalent hore e be tšepe ea bivalent.Ka lebaka la ho qhibiliha ho hoholo ha tšepe ea bivalent ka metsing, re ka sebelisa molao-motheo ona ho tlosa mafome liaparong.
Oxalic acid e ka sebetsana le phosphorus pentachloride ho hlahisa phosphorus oxychloride.C2H2O4 + PCl5 → POCl3 + CO + CO2 + 2 HCL.
Oxalic acid e ka sebetsana le litšepe tse ngata ho hlahisa letsoai la oxalic acid.Ho phaella ho letsoai la tšepe ea alkali le letsoai la tšepe le bivalent le letsoai le setseng la oxalic acid ha le qhibilihe hantle metsing.Letsoai le leng la tšepe, le hoja le sa qhibilihe hantle ka metsing, le ka hlahisa lintho tse rarahaneng tse qhibilihang ka metsing.
Fe2 (C2O4) 3 + 3 K2C2O4 + 6 H2O →2 K3 [Fe (C2O4) 3] • 6 H2O.
Ha ho futhumatsa, tšepe ea alkali le lefats'e la tšepe ea oxalic acid letsoai le ka lahleheloa ke carbon monoxide 'me la etsa carbonates le carbonate e ntse e tsoela pele ho futhumala hore e boloe ka ho eketsehileng ho ba oxide le carbon dioxide.Oxalic acid letsoai la nickel, cobalt le silevera qetellong li ka hlahisa tšepe ho e-na le nonmetal oxide.
Lihlahisoa tse bolang tsa oxalate ke carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide le metsi.
Oxalate le letsoai la oxalic acid li chefo.Litoeba, ka tsamaiso ea molomo, li na le LD50 ea 2000 ~ 4000 mg / kg.
1. Oxalic acid e ka sebelisoa haholo-holo e le moemeli oa ho fokotsa le bleaching, mordant bakeng sa ho daea le indasteri ea khatiso, hape e sebelisetsoa ho hloekisa tšepe e sa tloaelehang, ho qaptjoa ha mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea oxalate ester amide, oxalate le joang.
2. E sebelisoa e le reagent ea ho hlahloba.
3. E sebelisoa e le li-reagents tsa laboratori, reagent ea ho hlahloba chromatography, li-intermediates tsa dae le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng.
4. Oxalic acid e haholo-holo e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho hlahisa lithethefatsi tse kang lithibela-mafu le borneol le solvent bakeng sa ho ntša ka seoelo tšepe, ho fokotsa moemeli le dae, tanning moemeli, joalo-joalo Ho phaella moo, oxalic acid e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho qaptjoa ha mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea oxalate. ester, oxalate, le oxamide e nang le diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate le calcium oxalate tse nang le chai e kholo ka ho fetisisa.Oxalate e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea cobalt-molybdenum-aluminium catalyst, ho hloekisa tšepe le 'mabole hammoho le ho soeufala ha masela.
Chemwin e ka fana ka mefuta e mengata ea li-hydrocarbon tse ngata le li-solvents tsa lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa bareki ba indasteri.Pele ho moo, ka kopo bala lintlha tse latelang mabapi le ho etsa khoebo le rona:
1. Tshireletso
Tšireletseho ke eona ntho e tlang pele bophelong ba rona.Ntle le ho fa bareki tlhahisoleseling mabapi le ts'ebeliso e sireletsehileng le e baballang tikoloho ea lihlahisoa tsa rona, re boetse re ikemiselitse ho netefatsa hore likotsi tsa polokeho ea basebetsi le borakonteraka li fokotsoa ho ba bonyane bo utloahalang le bo ka khonehang.Ka hona, re hloka hore moreki a etse bonnete ba hore litekanyetso tse nepahetseng tsa ho laolla le ho boloka polokeho li fihlelleha pele ho pepa ha rona (ka kopo sheba sehlomathiso sa HSSE ho latela maemo le maemo a kakaretso a thekiso ka tlase).Litsebi tsa rona tsa HSSE li ka fana ka tataiso mabapi le litekanyetso tsena.
2. Mokhoa oa ho fana
Bareki ba ka odara le ho fana ka lihlahisoa ho tsoa ho chemwin, kapa ba ka fumana lihlahisoa ho tsoa femeng ea rona ea tlhahiso.Mekhoa e teng ea lipalangoang e kenyelletsa lipalangoang tsa literaka, terene kapa mefuta e mengata (maemo a arohaneng a sebetsa).
Tabeng ea litlhoko tsa bareki, re ka hlakisa litlhoko tsa likepe kapa litanka mme ra sebelisa litekanyetso tse khethehileng tsa polokeho / tlhahlobo le litlhoko.
3. Palo e fokolang ea taelo
Haeba u reka lihlahisoa sebakeng sa rona sa marang-rang, palo e tlase ea odara ke lithane tse 30.
4.Tefo
Mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho lefa ke ho fokotsa ka kotloloho matsatsing a 30 ho tsoa ho invoice.
5. Litokomane tsa thomello
Litokomane tse latelang li fanoe ka thomello ka 'ngoe:
· Bill of Lading, CMR Waybill kapa tokomane e 'ngoe e amehang ea lipalangoang
· Setifikeiti sa Tlhahlobo kapa Tumellano (haeba ho hlokahala)
· Litokomane tse amanang le HSSE tumellanong le melaoana
· Litokomane tsa meetlo ho latela melaoana (haeba ho hlokahala)
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