Lebitso la Sehlahiswa:Toluene

Sebopeho sa molek'hule:C7H8

Nomoro ea CAS:108-88-3

Sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa sehlahisoa:

Lintho tsa Lik'hemik'hale::

Toluene, motsoako oa lintho tse phelang o nang le foromo ea lik'hemik'hale C₇H₈, ke mokelikeli o se nang 'mala, o sa fetoheng o nang le monko o monate o ikhethang. E na le thepa e matla ea refractive. E kopane le ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon disulfide le glacial acetic acid, 'me e qhibiliha hanyenyane haholo metsing. Ho chesa, mouoane o ka etsa motsoako o phatlohang ka moea, molumo oa motsoako oa motsoako o ka phatloha ka tekanyo e tlaase. Chefo e tlase, LD50 (rat, molomo) 5000mg/kg. khatello e phahameng ea khase ke lithethefatsi, ho teneha

Kopo:

Toluene e tsoa ho sekontiri sa mashala hammoho le aspetroleum. E hlaha ka har'a peterole le lihlapolli tse ngata tsa petroleum. Toluene e sebelisoa ho hlahisa trinitrotoluene (TNT), toluene diisocyanate, le benzene; e le motsoako oa dae, lithethefatsi le litlolo; hape e le ntho e qhibilihang ka har'a indasteri bakeng sa liraba, lipente, lirafshoa, le oli.

Toluene e na le lisebelisoa tse ngata indastering ea lik'hemik'hale le peterole, e nang le lithane tse ka bang limilione tse 6 tse sebelisoang selemo le selemo United States le lithane tse limilione tse 16 tse sebelisoang lefatšeng ka bophara. Tšebeliso e kholo ea toluene ke ho matlafatsa octane ka peterole. Toluene e na le tekanyo ea octane ea 114. Toluene ke e 'ngoe ea metsoako e mene ea mantlha e nkhang hamonate, hammoho le benzene, xylene, le ethylbenzene, tse hlahisoang nakong ea ho hloekisoa ho ntlafatsa tšebetso ea peterole. Ka kopanelo, metsoako ena e mene e khutsufatsoe e le BTEX. BTEX ke karolo e kholo ea peterole, e etsang hoo e ka bang 18% ka boima ba motsoako o tloaelehileng. Leha karolo ea litlolo tse nkhang hamonate e fapane ho hlahisa metsoako e fapaneng ho fihlela litlhoko tsa sebaka le linako tsa selemo, toluene ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse kholo. Peterole e tloaelehileng e na le hoo e ka bang 5% ea toluene ka boima ba 'mele.
Toluene ke sehlahisoa sa mantlha se sebelisoang ho hlahisa metsoako e fapaneng ea lintho tse phelang. E sebelisoa ho hlahisa diisocyanate. Li-Isocyanate li na le sehlopha se sebetsang ?N = C = O, 'me diisocyanates e na le tse peli tsa tsena. Li-disocyanate tse peli tse ka sehloohong ke toluene 2,4-disocyanate le toluene 2,6-disocyanate. Tlhahiso ea li-disocyanate Amerika Leboea e haufi le limilione tse likete ka selemo. Ho feta 90% ea tlhahiso ea toluene diisocyanate e sebelisetsoa ho etsa liforomo tsa polyurethanes. Ea morao-rao e sebelisoa e le thepa e feto-fetohang ea ho tlatsa thepa ea ka tlung, libethe le li-cushions.

Ho etsa benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, liqhomane, lidae, le Metsoako e meng e mengata ea tlhaho; e le solvent bakeng sa lipente, lacquers, marenene, resin; e tšesaane bakeng sa li-inki, litlolo tse nkhang hamonate, lidae; ho ntšitsoeng ha melao-motheo e fapaneng ho tloha limela; joalo ka sehlomathiso sa peterole.