Karolo ea gibberellins: lihomone tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa kholo ea semela
Gibberellins (Gibberellins) ke sehlopha sa lihomone tsa limela tse hlahang ka tlhaho tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa kholong le kholong ea limela. Ho sibolloa ha gibberellins ho qalile ka bo-1930, 'me ka mor'a lilemo tsa lipatlisiso, e' nile ea sebelisoa haholo temong, temong ea limela le baeloji ea limela. Hantle-ntle karolo ea gibberellins ke efe? Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba likarolo tse ngata tsa karolo ea gibberellin.
E Khothalletsa Katoloso ea Lisele tsa Semela le Karohano
E 'ngoe ea liphello tse hlokomelehang tsa gibberellins ke hore li khothalletsa ho lelefatsa le ho arohana ha lisele tsa semela. Ketso ena e bohlokoa bakeng sa kholo le nts'etsopele ea semela. Ka ho ama bonolo ba lerako la sele le ho phunyeletsa ha lera la sele, gibberellin e potlakisa ho atolosoa ha sele, ho fella ka ho lelefatsa ka potlako ha limela, makhasi le metso. Gibberellins e boetse e susumetsa karohano ea lisele, e lumellang limela ho eketsa biomass ea tsona ka potlako nakong ea kholo, e leng se bontšang monyetla o moholo oa ho hōla.
Induction ea ho mela ha peo le ho lokolloa ha dormancy
Gibberellins e boetse e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho mela ha peo. Ha peō e monya metsi 'me e qala ho mela, li-gibberellins lia kenngoa' me li qala ho bokella likokoana-hloko. Hormone ena e khothalletsa tlhahiso ea amylase, e thusang peō ho senya starch e bolokiloeng ebe e e fetola matla bakeng sa kholo ea limela. Karolo ea li-gibberellins e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lipeo tse itseng tse hlokang ho lokolloa ho tsoa ho dormancy e le hore li mele, kaha li roba boroko 'me li qalisa mokhoa oa ho mela, kahoo li eketsa lebelo la ho mela ha peo ea limela.
Taolo ea lipalesa le nts'etsopele ea litholoana
Gibberellins e boetse e na le phello e kholo ho lipalesa le nts'etsopele ea litholoana. Tlas'a maemo a khethehileng a photoperiodic, gibberellins e ka khothaletsa phapang ea li-bud, e leng ho etsa hore limela li thunye pele ho nako kapa ka tloaelo. Sena se bohlokoa haholo tlhahisong ea temo, haholo taolong ea lijalo tsa chelete. Gibberellin e boetse e phetha karolo ea ho khothalletsa kholo le nts'etsopele ea litholoana. Ha e eketse boholo ba litholoana feela, empa e boetse e ntlafatsa sebōpeho le ponahalo ea litholoana, ho etsa hore e be ea bohlokoa haholo joaloka thepa.
Ntlafatsa khanyetso ea limela
Ntle le ho khothaletsa kholo le nts'etsopele, gibberellin e ka boela ea ntlafatsa khanyetso ea limela ho maemo a mabe a tikoloho. Ha limela li le tlas'a khatello ea litsietsi tse kang komello, letsoai le mocheso o tlaase, gibberellin e ka ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ka ho laola mekhoa ea metabolic ea limela. Ka ho khetheha, gibberellin e ka ntlafatsa bokhoni ba semela ba ho monya le ho boloka metsi ka ho laola litaba tsa osmoregulatory 'meleng oa semela, ho thusa semela ho boloka kholo e tloaelehileng tlas'a mathata.
Kopo temong le temong ea lirapa
Ka lebaka la litlamorao tsa eona tse makatsang tsa taolo ea 'mele, gibberellin e sebelisoa haholo temong ea sejoale-joale le temo ea limela. Mohlala, tlhahisong ea raese, li-gibberellins li sebelisoa ho eketsa sekhahla sa kholo ea lipeo ho netefatsa monyetla oa pele oa ho lema masimong. Ho viticulture, li-gibberellins li sebelisoa ho phekola lihlopha tsa litholoana ho khothaletsa ho holisa litholoana le ho ntlafatsa chai le boleng. Gibberellin e boetse e sebelisoa ka tloaelo ho lelefatsa nako ea lipalesa ea limela tse ling tsa mekhabiso ho etsa hore lipalesa li be le tlholisano 'marakeng.
Kakaretso
Karolo ea gibberellins e na le likarolo tse ngata ebile e pharaletseng, ho tloha ho khothalletsa ho lelefatsa lisele tsa semela le ho mela ha peo ho ea ho laola lipalesa le nts'etsopele ea litholoana, li-gibberellins li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa mehatong eohle ea kholo le nts'etsopele ea limela. Ka kutloisiso e tebileng ea mokhoa oa ts'ebetso ea gibberellins, bahlahisi ba temo ba ka sebelisa phytohormone ena hamolemo ho ntlafatsa kholo ea lijalo le ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso ea temo. Ka hona, ho utloisisa le ho tseba karolo ea gibberellins ke ea bohlokoa haholo ho nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng ea temo ea kajeno le temo ea limela.