Phenol

Phenolke ntho ea bohlokoa haholo ea lihlahisoa tse tala, tse sebelisoang haholo ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse kang polasetiki, rabara, meriana, chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, joalo-joalo, ke habohlokoa haholo ho tseba lihlahisoa tse tala tsa phenol.

 

Lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea phenol haholo-holo li kenyelletsa benzene, methanol le sulfuric acid. Benzene ke thepa e tala ea bohlokoa haholo, e ka sebelisoang ho hlahisa mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse kang phenol, aniline, acetophenone joalo-joalo. Methanol ke sehlahisoa sa bohlokoa sa tlhaho, se ka sebelisoang ho hlahisa metsoako e fapaneng e nang le lihlopha tse sebetsang tse nang le oksijene. Asiti ea sulfuric ke asiti ea bohlokoa ea inorganic, e sebelisoang haholo indastering ea lik'hemik'hale le liindasteri tse ling.

 

Mokhoa oa ho hlahisa phenol ho tloha benzene, methanol le sulfuric acid e rarahane haholo. Taba ea pele, benzene le methanol li sebetsa tlas'a ts'ebetso ea catalyst ho hlahisa cumene. Joale, cumene e tšeloa oxid ka pel'a moea ho etsa cumene hydroperoxide. Qetellong, cumene hydroperoxide e sebetsa ka diluted sulfuric acid ho hlahisa phenol le acetone.

 

Nakong ea ho hlahisa phenol, khetho ea catalyst e bohlokoa haholo. Li-catalyst tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa aluminium chloride, sulfuric acid le phosphoric acid. Ho phaella moo, maemo a ts'ebetso a kang mocheso, khatello le mahloriso a boetse a ama chai le boleng ba sehlahisoa.

 

Ka kakaretso, lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea phenol li rarahane, 'me maemo a tshebetso a thata. E le hore u fumane lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng le tse phahameng, ho hlokahala hore u laole ka thata boleng ba thepa e tala le maemo a ts'ebetso. Ho phaella moo, ho boetse hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko tšireletso ea tikoloho le polokeho ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso. Ka hona, ha re sebelisa phenol e le lisebelisoa tse tala ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale, re lokela ho ela hloko lintlha tsena ho netefatsa hore re ka fumana lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng le tse phahameng ha re ntse re sireletsa tikoloho le polokeho.


Nako ea poso: Dec-12-2023