Tšebeliso ea Hydrochloric Acid: Tlhahlobo e Feletseng le Puisano ea Libaka tsa Kopo
Hydrochloric acid (chemical formula: HCl) ke k'hemik'hale ea bohlokoa e tloaelehileng le e sebelisoang haholo indastering. E le acid e matla, e se nang mebala kapa e mosehla hanyenyane, hydrochloric acid ha e na karolo ea bohlokoa feela indastering ea lik'hemik'hale, empa e boetse e sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse ling tse sa tšoaneng. Sehloohong sena, re shebisisa lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa hydrochloric acid ho u thusa ho utloisisa ka botlalo bohlokoa ba lik'hemik'hale tsena.
1. Likopo tsa hydrochloric acid indastering ea lik'hemik'hale
a. Bakeng sa pickling
E 'ngoe ea likopo tse atileng haholo tsa hydrochloric acid ke ho khetha likarolo tsa tšepe. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tšepe, hydrochloric acid e sebelisoa ho tlosa li-oxide tsa tšepe le litšila tse ling ho tloha holim'a tšepe, ka hona ho ntlafatsa bohloeki le ho qeta holim'a tšepe. Ho hanyetsa kutu ea tšepe ho ntlafatsoa haholo ka mokhoa ona, ho etsa hore e be e loketseng haholoanyane bakeng sa ts'ebetso e latelang.
b. Karolo ea hydrochloric acid ho organic synthesis
Ka organic synthesis, hydrochloric acid e atisa ho sebelisoa e le mokhoa oa ho thusa kapa oa ho arabela. Tšimoloho ea metsoako e mengata ea lintho tse phelang e ke ke ea arohanngoa le ho kenya letsoho ha hydrochloric acid, joalo ka ho lokisetsa li-hydrocarbon tse chlorine le motsoako oa metsoako e nkhang hamonate. Hydrochloric acid, e le tharollo e nang le metsi a hydrogen chloride, e ka fana ka li-ion tsa chloride ka katleho, kahoo e nolofatsa karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale.
2. Bohlokoa ba hydrochloric acid ho phekola metsi
a. Phetoho ea pH
Hydrochloric acid e atisa ho sebelisoa ho laola boleng ba pH ba metsi mekhoeng ea ho hloekisa metsi. Ka ho eketsa hydrochloric acid ka bongata bo nepahetseng, alkalinity ea metsi e ka fokotsoa mme ea fetoloa ho ba pH e loketseng. Tšebeliso ena e bohlokoa haholo ho hloekisa metsi a litšila a indasteri le tlhoekiso ea metsi a nooang ho netefatsa hore boleng ba metsi bo kopana le litekanyetso tsa polokeho.
b. Ho tlosoa ha sekala le sediment
Hydrochloric acid e boetse e sebelisoa haholo ho hloekisa sekala le ho kenya li-boilers, li-condensers le lisebelisoa tse ling. Li-deposit tsena li ka ama ts'ebetso ea phetisetso ea mocheso ea thepa mme li bile li baka tšenyo ea lisebelisoa. Ka ho qhaqha calcium carbonate le li-deposit tse ling tse nang le hydrochloric acid, bophelo ba tšebeletso ea thepa bo ka atolosoa ka katleho 'me litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo li ka fokotseha.
3. Tšebeliso ea hydrochloric acid indastering ea lijo
a. Sebelisa ha ho etsoa lijo
Hydrochloric acid e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea lijo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea li-additives le tatso. Ka mohlala, tlhahiso ea monosodium glutamate (MSG) le tsoekere ea starch, hydrochloric acid e sebelisoa ts'ebetsong ea hydrolysis ho ntlafatsa bohloeki le boleng ba sehlahisoa. Hydrochloric acid e boetse e sebelisoa ho laola pH ea lijo tse itseng ho ntlafatsa tatso ea tsona le thepa ea ho li boloka.
b. Ho Hloekisa Lijo le Ho Hloekisa
Hydrochloric acid e atisa ho sebelisoa e le ntho ea ho hloekisa ha ho etsoa lijo ho hloekisa lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa lijo le lijana. Asiti ea eona e matla e ka bolaea libaktheria le likokoana-hloko tse ling tse kotsi ho netefatsa bohloeki le polokeho ea lijo.
4. Hydrochloric acid e sebelisoa haholo lilaboratoring
a. Kopo e le reagent
Hydrochloric acid ke sesebelisoa sa lik'hemik'hale se sebelisoang hangata ka laboratoring. E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa acid-base titration, dissolution ea disampole, le pula le karohano ea litšepe. Litlhahlobo tse ngata tsa lik'hemik'hale le liketso tsa maiketsetso ka laboratoring li itšetlehile ka ho kenya letsoho ha hydrochloric acid ho netefatsa tsoelo-pele e ntle ea liteko.
b. Phetoho ea mahloriso a tharollo
Hydrochloric acid e boetse e sebelisoa ho laola khatello ea litharollo mme e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo litekong tse hlokang boleng bo itseng ba pH. Ka lebaka la tlhaho ea eona ea tharollo e tsitsitseng, hydrochloric acid ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo e nepahetseng ea tikoloho ea karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale litekong.
Kakaretso
Ho ka bonoa ho tsoa tlhahlobong e ka holimo hore hydrochloric acid e sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse ngata tse kang indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale, phekolo ea lijo le metsi ka lebaka la acidity e matla le reactivity e phahameng. Hydrochloric acid e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa kalafong ea ho khetha tšepe, motsoako oa manyolo, kalafo ea metsi, phepelo ea lijo le li-reagents tsa laboratori. Ka hona, kutloisiso e tebileng le tsebo ea ts'ebeliso ea hydrochloric acid e bohlokoa bakeng sa basebetsi ba liindasteri tse amanang.
Ebang ke tlhahiso ea indasteri kapa lipatlisiso tsa laboratori, tšebeliso e fapaneng ea hydrochloric acid e e etsa e 'ngoe ea lik'hemik'hale tse bohlokoa haholo. Ka litlhahlobo tse qaqileng sengolong sena, ke lumela hore u fumane kutloisiso e felletseng ea ts'ebeliso ea hydrochloric acid.