Mokhoa oa Cumene ke eng?
Mokhoa oa Cumene ke o mong oa mekhoa e meholo ea tlhahiso ea indasteri eaphenol(C₆H₅OH). Ts'ebetso ena e sebelisa cumene e le thepa e tala ho hlahisa phenol ka hydroxylation tlas'a maemo a itseng. Ka lebaka la theknoloji ea eona e holileng, theko e tlase, le boleng bo phahameng ba sehlahisoa, ts'ebetso ea cumene bakeng sa tlhahiso ea phenol e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea lik'hemik'hale.
Sengoliloeng sena se tla sekaseka molao-motheo le mehato ea tlhahiso ea phenol ka ts'ebetso ea cumene ka botlalo, ho thusa babali ho utloisisa ka botlalo theknoloji ena ea bohlokoa ea tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale.
Molao-motheo oa Karabelo ea Ts'ebetso ea Cumene
Karabelo ea mantlha tlhahisong ea phenol ka ts'ebetso ea cumene ke hydroxylation ea cumene. Molao-motheo oa motheo ke hore sehlopha sa methyl ka molek'hule ea cumene se nkeloa sebaka ke sehlopha sa hydroxyl tlas'a maemo a acidic ho theha phenol.
Haholo-holo, cumene (C₆H₅CH(CH₃)₂) e sebetsana le concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) ha e futhumatsa ho hlahisa p-isopropylphenol (C₆H₅C(OH)H(CH₃)₂) le karoloana e nyane ea sulfate. Ka mor'a moo, p-isopropylphenol e fetoloa phenol (C₆H₅OH) ka karabelo ea hydrolysis. Li-equations tsa lik'hemik'hale ka kakaretso bakeng sa karabelo ke tse latelang:
C₆H₅CH(CH₃)₂ + H₂SO₄ → C₆H₅C(OH)H(CH₃)₂ + HSO₄⁻
C₆H₅C(OH)H(CH₃)₂ + 3H₂O → 2C₆H₅OH + CH₄
Ho ka bonoa ho tsoa karabelong e kaholimo hore senotlolo sa ts'ebetso ea cumene se karabelong ea hydroxylation tlasa maemo a asiti le karabelo e latelang ea hydrolysis. Asiti ea sulfuric e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa joalo ka sehlohlolo nakong eohle ea ts'ebetso.
Mehato ea Ts'ebetso ea Ts'ebetso ea Cumene
Phallo e ikhethileng ea tlhahiso ea phenol ka ts'ebetso ea cumene e ka aroloa ka mehato e latelang ea mantlha:
1. Tokisetso le Tlhahiso ea Lintho tse tala
Mohato oa pele oa tlhahiso ea phenol ke ts'ebetso ea cumene ke ho lokisoa le ho etsoa ha thepa e tala. Cumene, thepa ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso ena, e hloka ho hloekisoa pele ka distillation ho netefatsa hore bohloeki ba eona bo fihla ho feta 99%. Concentrated sulfuric acid (hangata e nang le 98%) e sebelisoa e le catalyst, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa karabelong. Ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea karabelo, metsi a manyane a eketsoa ho cumene ho khothaletsa ho hasana ha sulfuric acid le tsoelo-pele ea karabelo.
2. Hydroxylation Reaction
Mokhahlelong oa hydroxylation reaction, cumene le concentrated sulfuric acid li tsoakoa ka har'a reactor ebe li futhumatsoa ho 100-130°C. Tlas'a maemo a acidic, sehlopha sa methyl ka har'a molek'hule ea cumene se kena ka hydroxylation ho theha p-isopropylphenol le sulfate by-products. Karabelo ena ke exothermic reaction, 'me mocheso oa karabelo le lebelo le sisinyehang li hloka ho laoloa ho netefatsa ho ts'oana le botsitso ba karabelo.
3. Karabelo ea Hydrolysis
Ka mor'a hore karabelo ea hydroxylation e phethoe, sehlahisoa se hloka ho kena karabelo ea hydrolysis, eo morero oa eona e leng ho fetola p-isopropylphenol hore e be phenol. Ka nako ena, metsi a mangata a eketsoa motsoako oa karabelo, e le hore p-isopropylphenol e kene ka mokhoa oa hydrolysis ka metsi ho hlahisa phenol le khase ea methane.
4. Ho se nke lehlakore le karohano
Ka mor'a hore karabelo ea hydrolysis e phethoe, palo e kholo ea sulfuric acid le sulfate by-products e teng tsamaisong. Ho fokotsa lintho tsena tse nang le asiti, lintho tsa alkaline (tse kang sodium hydroxide kapa calcium hydroxide) li eketsoa bakeng sa karabelo ea neutralization, ho hlahisa li-sulfate tse qhibilihang le metsi. Ka mor'a moo, phenol e aroloa ho lihlahisoa ka ho arohana ha stratification kapa theknoloji ea distillation.
5. Tlhoekiso le Tlhoekiso
Litšila tsa phenol tse tala li tlosoa ka mekhoa ea tlhoekiso e kang distillation ho fumana lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa phenol. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa, maemo a karabelo a boetse a hloka ho laoloa ka thata ho netefatsa hore boleng le bohloeki ba phenol li kopana le litekanyetso tsa indasteri.
Melemo le Lisebelisoa tsa Ts'ebetso ea Cumene
Ts'ebetso ea cumene bakeng sa tlhahiso ea phenol e na le melemo e latelang ea bohlokoa:
Maemo a maikutlo a bobebe:Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa ea setso ea tlhahiso ea phenol, ts'ebetso ea cumene e na le maemo a bonolo a karabelo le ts'ebetso e sireletsehileng ea tlhahiso.
Mehloli e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse tala:Cumene e ka fumanoa lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa tsa ho hloekisa, tse bakang litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa thepa e tala.
Bohloeki bo phahameng ba sehlahisoa:Ka taolo e nepahetseng ea ts'ebetso, bohloeki le boleng ba phenol li ka fihla boemong bo phahameng.
Hajoale, phenol e hlahisoang ke ts'ebetso ea cumene e sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale tse joalo ka li-phenolic resin, li-epoxy resin le nylon, ka tlhokahalo e ntseng e hola ea mmaraka.
Kakaretso
Ts'ebetso ea cumene bakeng sa tlhahiso ea phenol ke ts'ebetso e sebetsang hantle le ea moruo, 'me motheo oa eona ke hydroxylation ea cumene le karabelo e latelang ea hydrolysis. Ka mehato e kang ho lokisetsa thepa e tala, karabelo ea hydroxylation, karabelo ea hydrolysis, phekolo ea neutralization, le ho hloekisa le ho hloekisa, lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa phenol li ka fumanoa qetellong.
Ka kholo e tsoelang pele ea tlhoko ea lefats'e ea lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale, thekenoloji ea tlhahiso ea phenol ka ts'ebetso ea cumene e tla tsoela pele ho ntlafatsoa, e fana ka tšehetso ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea liindasteri tse amanang.
Nako ea poso: Jun-23-2025
