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Lebitso la Sehlahiswa:asiti ea acetic
Sebopeho sa molek'hule:C2H4O2
Nomoro ea CAS:64-19-7
Sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa sehlahisoa:
Ntho | Yuniti | Boleng |
Bohloeki | % | 99.8min |
Mmala | APHA | 5 boholo |
Lintho tse nang le asiti ea fomic | % | 0.03 max |
Litaba tsa Metsi | % | 0.15 max |
Ponahalo | - | Mokelikeli o bonaletsang |
Asiti ea Acetic, CH3COOH, ke mokelikeli o se nang 'mala, o fetohang mocheso o futhumetseng. Motsoako o hloekileng, glacial acetic acid, e rehiloe lebitso la eona ka ponahalo ea eona e kang leqhoa ho 15.6°C. Joalokaha ho fanoe ka kakaretso, asiti ea acetic ke tharollo ea metsi a 6 N (hoo e ka bang 36%) kapa tharollo ea 1 N (hoo e ka bang 6%). Lintho tsena kapa tse ling tse hlapollang li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho eketsa tekanyo e loketseng ea asiti ea acetic lijong. Acetic acid ke tšobotsi ea asiti ea asene, mahloriso a eona a tloha ho 3.5 ho isa ho 5.6%. Acetic acid le acetates li teng limela tse ngata le lisele tsa liphoofolo ka tekanyo e nyenyane empa e lemohuoa. Ke li-metabolism tse tloaelehileng, li hlahisoa ke mefuta ea baktheria e kang Acetobacter 'me e ka etsoa ka ho feletseng ho tloha carbon dioxide ka likokoana-hloko tse kang Clostridium thermoaceticum. Rato e etsa acetate ka tekanyo ea 1% ea boima ba 'mele oa eona ka letsatsi.
E le mokelikeli o se nang mebala o nang le monko o matla, o hlabang, o nang le sebōpeho sa asene, o na le thuso ho botoro, chisi, morara le tatso ea litholoana. Acetic acid e nyenyane haholo e hloekileng e sebelisoa lijong, leha e khetholloa ke FDA e le thepa ea GRAS. Ka lebaka leo, e kanna ea sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse sa kengoang ke Litlhaloso le Maemo a Boitsebiso. Acetic acid ke karolo ea mantlha ea asene le pyroligneous acid. Ka mofuta oa asene, ho ile ha eketsoa li-lb tse fetang limilione tse 27 lijong ka 1986, ka chelete e batlang e lekana e sebelisoang e le li-acidulants le li-flavoring agents. Ha e le hantle, acetic acid (joaloka asene) e ne e le e 'ngoe ea litlolo tsa pele tsa tatso. Li-vinegars li sebelisoa haholo ha ho lokisoa liaparo tsa salate le mayonnaise, li-pickle tse bolila le tse monate le li-sauces tse ngata le li-catsups. Li boetse li sebelisoa ho phekola nama le ho kenya meroho e itseng ka makotikoting. Ha ho etsoa mayonnaise, ho eketsoa ha karolo ea acetic acid (asene) ho letsoai kapa tsoekere-yolk ho fokotsa ho hanyetsa mocheso oa Salmonella. Metsoako e tlamang metsi ea lisoseje hangata e kenyelletsa asiti ea acetic kapa letsoai la eona la sodium, athe calcium acetate e sebelisetsoa ho boloka sebopeho sa meroho e halikiloeng, e entsoeng ka makotikoting.
Acetic acid e hlaha ka asene. E hlahisoa ka distillation e senyang ea lehong. E fumana ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng indastering ea lik'hemik'hale. E sebelisoa ha ho etsoa cellulose acetate, rayon ea acetate, le metsoako e fapaneng ea acetate le acetyl; e le sehlapolli sa marenene, oli le lirekane; e le se bolokang lijo ha ho hatisoa le ho daeang; le ho organicsynthesis.
Acetic acid ke k'hemik'hale ea bohlokoa ea indasteri. Boitšoaro ba acetic acid ka hydroxyl e nang le metsoako, haholo-holo lino tse tahang, bo fella ka ho thehoa ha acetate esters. Tšebeliso e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea acetic acid ke tlhahiso ea vinyl acetate. Vinyl acetate e ka hlahisoa ka karabelo ea acetylene le acetic acid. E boetse e hlahisoa ka ethylene le acetic acid. Vinyl acetate e entsoe ka polyvinyl acetate (PVA), e sebelisoang ho hlahisa likhoele, lifilimi, likhomaretsi le lipente tsa latex.
Cellulose acetate, e sebelisoang ka masela le filimi ea lifoto, e hlahisoa ka ho arabela selulose ka acetic acid le acetic anhydride ka pel'a sulfuric acid. Li-ester tse ling tsa acetic acid, tse kang ethyl acetate le propyl acetate, li sebelisoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea likopo.
Acetic acid e sebelisoa ho hlahisa polasetiki ea polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Acetic acid e sebelisoa ho hlahisa meriana.
Glacial Acetic Acid ke acidulant eo e leng mokelikeli o hlakileng, o se nang 'mala o nang le tatso ea asiti ha e hlapolotsoe ka metsi. Ke 99.5% kapa ho feta ka bohloeki 'me e phatsima ka 17°c. E sebelisoa liphahlong tsa salate ka mokhoa o hlapolotsoeng ho fana ka asiti e hlokahalang ea acetic. E sebelisoa e le ntho ea ho boloka, acidulant, le tatso. E boetse e bitsoa acetic acid, glacial.
Chemwin e ka fana ka mefuta e mengata ea li-hydrocarbon tse ngata le li-solvents tsa lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa bareki ba indasteri.Pele ho moo, ka kopo bala lintlha tse latelang mabapi le ho etsa khoebo le rona:
1. Tshireletso
Tšireletseho ke eona ntho e tlang pele bophelong ba rona. Ntle le ho fa bareki tlhahisoleseling mabapi le ts'ebeliso e sireletsehileng le e baballang tikoloho ea lihlahisoa tsa rona, re boetse re ikemiselitse ho netefatsa hore likotsi tsa polokeho ea basebetsi le borakonteraka li fokotsoa ho ba bonyane bo utloahalang le bo ka khonehang. Ka hona, re hloka hore moreki a etse bonnete ba hore litekanyetso tse nepahetseng tsa ho laolla le ho boloka polokeho li fihlelleha pele ho tlisoa ha rona (ka kopo sheba sehlomathiso sa HSSE ho latela maemo le maemo a kakaretso a thekiso a ka tlase). Litsebi tsa rona tsa HSSE li ka fana ka tataiso mabapi le litekanyetso tsena.
2. Mokhoa oa ho fana
Bareki ba ka odara le ho fana ka lihlahisoa ho tsoa ho chemwin, kapa ba ka fumana lihlahisoa ho tsoa femeng ea rona ea tlhahiso. Mekhoa e teng ea lipalangoang e kenyelletsa lipalangoang tsa literaka, terene kapa mefuta e mengata (maemo a arohaneng a sebetsa).
Tabeng ea litlhoko tsa bareki, re ka hlakisa litlhoko tsa likepe kapa litanka mme ra sebelisa litekanyetso tse khethehileng tsa polokeho / tlhahlobo le litlhoko.
3. Palo e fokolang ea taelo
Haeba u reka lihlahisoa sebakeng sa rona sa marang-rang, palo e tlase ea odara ke lithane tse 30.
4.Tefo
Mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho lefa ke ho fokotsa ka kotloloho matsatsing a 30 ho tsoa ho invoice.
5. Litokomane tsa thomello
Litokomane tse latelang li fanoe ka thomello ka 'ngoe:
· Bill of Lading, CMR Waybill kapa tokomane e 'ngoe e amehang ea lipalangoang
· Setifikeiti sa Tlhahlobo kapa Tumellano (haeba ho hlokahala)
· Litokomane tse amanang le HSSE tumellanong le melaoana
· Litokomane tsa meetlo ho latela melaoana (haeba ho hlokahala)